Curling pin for permanent hair waving



1927' F. R. MARCEL CURLING PIN FOB PERMANENT 1mm wAvlNe Filed July 22.1926 LNN 041% M ATTORNEY l Patented July 12, 1927.

rrtaugors'n; MARC IJ, or BROQKIiYmNEW YORK;

' G RLING PIN FOB rER ANEnT HAIR wavrner.

Application filed Ju 1yl 22, 1926. Serial no. 124,141. v

In my Letters Patent numbered 1,368,1il1' dated February 8, ,1921,Ishowed and de scribed a novel formof curling} pin on which a lock ofhair may be wound tightly for the purposeoi' being treatedby means ofsuitable chemicals, and then baked by means of a heat-erplaced overthe'rod and the lock of hair in order to form in the hair what isgenerally known-as a permanent wave. My; present invention is preferablyembodied in" a pin containing the subject 'ma'tter'ofsaid patent,although the present invention is not limited to a pin of thatcharacter. Inwinding hair upon a curling pin preparatory to forming apermanent wave, it is necessary to have all v portions ofthe lock ofhair undertension as it is necessary to have the hair under tensionwhile undergoingtreatment with chemicals,

and with heat, in order to make the wave permanent. In the pinsheretofore used, includingthatshown inmy said patent, the lock o't'hairclose itofthe, head is fastened to one end of the pin and it is thenwound upon the sleeve which is revolvably mounted on the rod and thefree end of the lock of hair is thentied to the sleeve, after which arelative rotation of the sleeve and rod causes the lock ofQhair to bedrawn close to the pin. There is usually a clutch device employed for,locking the rod and sleeve after the hair has been tightened in thismanner. I have found that with a round sleeve onthe curling pin someportions of thelock of hair are drawn tightly, whereas otherportions-are not put under tension or are put under very light tension,and as a' result an imperfect wave is formed. It is more of a curl thantrue wave, and of. course thelatte'r is thevdesirablefobject tobe-attained.' It is especially difhcultwith such devices toi'orm what isknown as aflat wave, as distinguished from fa' round wave. In thepresent'invention-I provide means for tightening the lock of hair uponthepin', the action of which is to draw in or tighten the inner layersof hair contained in the loclnand after these have been tightly drawnin, the outer layers are'also jdrawn tight either by the pin or byexerting a twisting action with the'handl Asa result the entire lock ofhair is put under greater tension than heretofore and a more perfectand. lasting. waveis tormed'Lby the subse- "quent waving process. Inadditionto the plication,

' portion 0 1001 04."

above I have provided a' very sim ple means for; attaching the lock of.hair-adjacent -the hea-d to one end or the pin, securely, and w thoutthe use of a tie string, so that the operation ofatt'aching this part ofthehair.

to thepin is' ue11' uieker, eliminating the 'tedious operation oftreingthe hairupon the curler. i i y In the drawingformin'g partofthis"ap Figure 1 is embodying my invention,

an elevation ofa curlingpin Figure 2 is similar view showing a modifiedformof the invention, p

Figure 3 an enlarged plan view of one end oi thepin, illustrating", the]hook 'for attaching the lock of hair,

Figure 45'is an elevation of the device with the lock of hair woundthereon to illustrate the mode of use, 7 I

Figure 51is a sectionalview takenoii the lines-5 0t'Figure1,Q;' Figur sis a 'se'ctio'n'al view taken onthe line6 6'of Figure 2, 1 Figure 7 is asectionalview'corresponding with Figure 5but 'showilig'a modified formofdevice, and l Figure 8 1s an enlarged V elevati f portion of thepin'shdwnfinFigure 2. The, present device consists primarily of tworelatively r'evolvable Inenib ers, one ai ng upon theother,thetwoforming apln on whiclnthfe lock of hair is" adapted tofbewound. In the drawing' l have shown a sol d rod 'or member l which isone or these component parts, an i-1on one end 'of' this rod there is ahead Zwhi'ch isja'dapted to be engaged or gripped byla'pai'r of pliersfor holdingthe samefagainst turning while the second oi'fouter'me nberis revolved in relation' thereto; At the other end, this rod has v anenlarged" member? from which pifijec'ts a member coii'st itriting aloop. Inthe draw ihgs this shownas a continuationfof a reduced neck11itegralw th?tl1e member 3 which curves at and returnsiat 5over'themenit her 8 to fornr 2t loopha'viiig' an opening 6 withinw'hich'thehair isad'apted to "be large'd laterally and is "wider thanthe neck pushed. Tlie'free end *7 of this hook is -eri- The outer'ine'mber' iof' th' i comprises a sleeve8 which lis preferably knurled"at one end'as shown 9' in order to be gripped byfithe fingers; and thissleeve member fits sleeve and rod against relative rotation but, I1havenot shown the same in detail for the over the rod '1 on which it isadapted to revolve, and it is slightly shorter than thedistance'betwe'en the shoulder of the head and the'shoulder 11 ofthemember 3, 7, There isa clutch member for setting the 'reason that thesame clutch as is shown in my said" patent may be used. fer the presentdevice. In my said patent'the sleeveis shown with a circular peripherybut'I have found that the same'do'es not 7 tighten the lock of hairinthe efficient manner than it can be tightened with the preseiitdevice. Inrthe form shown in Figure 1 the sleeve 8 is flattened onopposite faces bymeans of grooves 12 extending longitudinally,preferably at opposite sides of the sleeve. The groovesmay be formed byre- I and a portion'of the rod within it are flattened on opposite'facesto provide the flat surfaces 13, 14c. The rod and sleeve may be sopositioned that these fiat surfaces of the rod and sleeve register asshown in Figure I 1 vided aseries of indentations'or grooves In placingthe lock of hair upon the curler the lock is first combed out from thehead ,and then it is passed under the hook 5, thence over the top of thehook, as shown at 16 in Figure 4, thence around the member 3andthis'turn 17 is then pushed along'the member 3 until it is placedunder the end of the hook 5 as" shown in Figure 4: to keep the turn 16fromfshi'fting. Thelock of hair is then repeatedly wound around the memb er 3 along the sleeve 8, and if desired one turn may partly overlapanother until the 7 end of. the lock of'hair has been reached,

whereupon a" tie string ,18 is wound around fltheiloose end and the"curler and is tied.

' r Y The operator then grasps the member 2 with .a pair ,of pliers tohold the rod from turn- I ing, and grips the knurled portion 9 of thesleeve andturns the sleeve in relation to the rod, so thatthe locko'fhair is twisted and tightened upon the curler. I have found that, withthe flattened sides on the curler [it has a tendency to tighten the,interior hair,or interior layers of the. lock of hair,

first, after which .subsequentlayers gradu- .ally tighten, and if theouter portion is not sufficiently tiglitwhen the sleeve has been turnedas far as possible, the operator may grasp the hair around .the sleeveadjacent the spring 18 and twist the lock of hair until the outermostlayers 'become very tight.

. It will be understood that when the sleeve is being revolved intheabove described operation, itis pressed toward the shoulder 11 torelease the clutch and afterwards it is moved toward the shoulder 10 toengage the clutch'and hold the rod and sleeve against relative rotation.A curler constructed with the flat facesas described herein, op-

erates to tighten the lock of hair at all portions to a much higherdegree than it has been possible to obtain with round curlers,

due to the drawing action on the interior layer of the hair. WVhen thehair is placed (which is the desired result) as distinguishedfrom ashort, kinky curl. While'I have shown. fiat faces on opposite sides ofthe curler I do not wish to limit my invention to this particularnumber,shape and disposition of, faces, although this has ,e r

proven successful in operation.

The construction may be modified shown in Figure 7 by forming the flatfaces ,to' extend only through the wall of the sleeve, asshown at 19inwhichcase the rod within the sleeve remains cylindrical; In Figures 2,6, 8 I have shownfthe device in another modified form.- In this form Ihave proextending crosswise of the sleeve and rod,

the individual grooves being slightly spaced apart and extendingthroughout the, active portion of the sleeve. At, the opposite side ofthe curler in'thisi'construction I' have shown other grooves 21extending crosswise of'the-curler, and in the preferred construc tionthese are not arranged directly opposite the grooves 20 but are offsetor staggered in relation thereto, as shown in Figure 8. This deviceisused in the same manner as the one first described and when the lockofhair is wound around the sleeve it passes over the surface formed by thegrooves 20,

21 and when the sleeve is turnedin relation to the rod the edges ofthese surfaces serve to tighten the hair by acting'prirnarily on theinner layers. From this it is apparent that it is not necessary that thecurler be provided with'fiat surfaces, but that any-for mation whichwill deviate from a circular 'faceand provide edges for working'theinner layers of the 'hair, will accomplish *the result desired. v

Having described my claim is: p

1. A curling invention, what I pin around which a lockof hair is adaptedto be wound for waving, comprising relatively revolvable members aroundwhich a lock of hair is adapted to be wound,

"a substantial part of the length of said curler'being non-circular incross section. for:

the purpose set forth.

2. A curling pin comprising relatively re- I volvablemenibers aroundwhich a lock of hair is adapted to be wound, said'pin hav ing one ormore grooves in the outer surface forming edges adapted to act upon theinner layers ofhair Wound upon said pin forthe purpose of tightening thelock of hair upon said pin.

3. A curling pin comprising relatively revolvable members arranged oneWithin the other and around which a lock of hairis adapted to be Wound,the exterior of said pin being partially circular and having one or moregrooves to provide edges adapted for the purpose set forth.

4. A curling pin comprising a rod member, a sleeve fitting over andrevolvable upon said rod member and around Which a lock of hair isadapted to be Wound, said rod and sleeve members having flattenedportions to form edges adapted to act upon the lock of hair to tightenthe same upon the pin.

5. A curling pin comprising relatively revolvable members arranged oneWithin the other and around Which a lock of hair is adapted to be Wound,said pin having grooves extending crosswise thereof for the purpose setforth.

6. A curling pin comprising relatively revolvable members around Which alock of hair is adapted to be Wound, said pin having laterally extendinggrooves at one side thereof and having other grooves arranged at theopposite side of the pin and in staggered relation to said firstgrooves.

7. A curling pin comprising relatively revolvable members around Which alock of hair is adapted to be Wound, a hook extending from said pinadjacent one end thereof and bent backwardly over the'body of the pinwhereby the lock of hair may be Wound over said hook and between thehook and I

